ICEYOU/src/iceyou/motion_recorder.py

"""Motion detection + clip recording for the ICEYOU whiteout.

Runs only while the whiteout is shown. Continuously samples webcam frames
into a rolling pre-buffer (default 5s). On motion: dumps the pre-buffer to
an AVI clip, then keeps recording for `post_seconds` more. Fires `on_event`
with the resulting clip path when finalized.

Uses simple frame-differencing for motion detection - cheap and effective
in a controlled indoor scene.
"""

import time
import threading
from collections import deque
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Callable, Optional

import cv2

from .utils import get_timestamp


class MotionRecorder:
    def __init__(
        self,
        camera,                       # anything with read_frame() - Camera OR CameraStream
        clips_dir: str = "motion_clips",
        fps: int = 15,
        pre_seconds: float = 5.0,
        post_seconds: float = 5.0,
        sensitivity: int = 2500,      # min motion contour area (pixels)
        cooldown_seconds: float = 8.0,
        on_event: Optional[Callable[[str], None]] = None,
        cam_label: str = "",          # appended to clip filename (e.g. "cam1") for multi-cam
    ):
        self.camera = camera
        self.cam_label = str(cam_label or "").strip()
        self.clips_dir = Path(clips_dir)
        self.clips_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        self.fps = max(5, int(fps))
        self.pre_seconds = max(0.5, float(pre_seconds))
        self.post_seconds = max(0.5, float(post_seconds))
        self.sensitivity = int(sensitivity)
        self.cooldown_seconds = float(cooldown_seconds)
        self.on_event = on_event or (lambda path: None)

        self._buffer = deque(maxlen=int(self.fps * self.pre_seconds))
        self._prev_gray = None
        self._running = False
        self._thread: Optional[threading.Thread] = None

        self._writer = None
        self._writer_path: Optional[Path] = None
        self._recording_until = 0.0
        self._last_event_time = 0.0

    @property
    def active(self) -> bool:
        return self._running

    def start(self) -> None:
        if self._running:
            return
        self._running = True
        self._buffer.clear()
        self._prev_gray = None
        self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._loop, daemon=True)
        self._thread.start()

    def stop(self) -> None:
        if not self._running:
            return
        self._running = False
        if self._thread:
            self._thread.join(timeout=2.0)
        self._thread = None
        self._finalize_writer()  # ensure any open clip is closed cleanly
        self._buffer.clear()
        self._prev_gray = None

    # ---- internal ----

    def _detect_motion(self, gray) -> bool:
        if self._prev_gray is None or self._prev_gray.shape != gray.shape:
            self._prev_gray = gray
            return False
        diff = cv2.absdiff(self._prev_gray, gray)
        self._prev_gray = gray
        _, thresh = cv2.threshold(diff, 25, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
        thresh = cv2.dilate(thresh, None, iterations=2)
        contours, _ = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        for c in contours:
            if cv2.contourArea(c) >= self.sensitivity:
                return True
        return False

    def _begin_recording(self, sample_frame) -> None:
        if self._writer is not None:
            return
        h, w = sample_frame.shape[:2]
        suffix = f"_{self.cam_label}" if self.cam_label else ""
        path = self.clips_dir / f"motion_{get_timestamp()}{suffix}.avi"
        fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"MJPG")
        writer = cv2.VideoWriter(str(path), fourcc, self.fps, (w, h))
        if not writer.isOpened():
            print("[MotionRecorder] VideoWriter failed to open")
            return
        self._writer = writer
        self._writer_path = path
        # Dump pre-event buffer first so the clip starts BEFORE the motion
        for buffered in list(self._buffer):
            try:
                self._writer.write(buffered)
            except Exception:
                pass

    def _finalize_writer(self) -> None:
        if self._writer is None:
            return
        try:
            self._writer.release()
        except Exception:
            pass
        path = self._writer_path
        self._writer = None
        self._writer_path = None
        self._recording_until = 0.0
        if path is not None:
            try:
                self.on_event(str(path))
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"[MotionRecorder] on_event error: {e}")

    def _loop(self) -> None:
        period = 1.0 / self.fps
        # Small warm-up: grab a few frames before motion detection kicks in
        # so the previous-frame baseline isn't blank.
        warmup_until = time.time() + 0.7

        while self._running:
            t0 = time.time()
            frame = self.camera.read_frame()
            if frame is None:
                time.sleep(period)
                continue

            self._buffer.append(frame)

            try:
                gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
                gray = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (21, 21), 0)
            except Exception:
                gray = None

            now = time.time()

            # If currently recording, keep writing post-event frames
            if self._writer is not None:
                try:
                    self._writer.write(frame)
                except Exception:
                    pass
                if now >= self._recording_until:
                    self._finalize_writer()

            # Motion detection (skip during warmup + during active cooldown)
            if gray is not None and now > warmup_until:
                moved = self._detect_motion(gray)
                if moved:
                    if now - self._last_event_time >= self.cooldown_seconds:
                        self._last_event_time = now
                        self._begin_recording(frame)
                    # Extend post-roll while motion continues
                    if self._writer is not None:
                        self._recording_until = now + self.post_seconds

            elapsed = time.time() - t0
            if elapsed < period:
                time.sleep(period - elapsed)